Kraks vejviser 1929 Handelsregister

8 ting from Danish industry and which partly, at an early stage, have been a contributory fac­ tor as the raw materials of agriculture, such as for instance fertilizers, fodder cakes, machin- ery and implements, electric lighting and power plant and also transport plant e tc , and which in part arise from the finishing process carried out at dairies, slaughteries, conserves factories, sugar factories etc. Denmark’s agriculture is carried on by a large number of independent concerns comprising about 2300 large estates, 88.000 farms and some 125.000 small holdings. The production and sale of the produce are to a very great extent based upon a co-operative arrangement, and likewise the joint purchasing societies play a prominent part in this respect. In connexion with agriculture there are a large number of research institutions, laboratories, controlling bodies etc. undertaking scientific experiments for the improvement of the soil, the investigation of methods of cultivation, control of seed, diseases of plants, heredity, milk yielding etc. etc. and moreover there are also a large number of training institutions. In the year 1922 the Danish State founded the State experimental dairy (Statens Forsøgsmejeri) at Hillerod to the north of Copenhagen where foreigners may conveniently study Danish dairy production. The highest authority representing Danish agriculture is The Agricultural Council (Landbrugsraadet) (Address: Vestre Boulevard 4, Copenhagen V; Board of directors: P. P. Pinstrup Esq., Member of the „Folketing" R.* DM.; Chr. Sonne Esq., K.* FM.; J Theilmann Esq., R.*), the primary object of which is to represent agriculture in all dealings with the Government and foreign countries and also with other Danish trades. The joint organization of the land econoinical co-operative companies is The Union of Danish Co-operative Societies (De Samvirkende Danske Andels-Selskaber) in which are represented central societies of bacon factories, dairies, egg exporters, cattle and horse ex- porters, feedingstuff societies, manure supply societies etc. Address: Njalsgade 15, Copenhagen S; Chairman: J. Th. Arnfred Esq. Danish Industries- In a preceding chapter the great growth of Danish industry during the last fifty years has been illustrated by means of statistics showing the occupation of the people. The sub- joined results of four censuses of industry and handicraft taken in Denmark indicate the nature of the development for at all events part of the period in question. Danish Industries and Handicrafts 1897 1906 ' 1914 19254) Number of establishments.................... . 77.256 85.118 82.494 84.112 Total number of employees................. . 270.622 315.219 350.194 377.991 Number of workmen............................ . 176.608 206.592 227.458 260.709 Works driven with mechanical power. 3.856 6.730 15.579 24.858 Horse-power of machinery................... . 48.057 113.270 229.843 418.814 The number of workmen employed in industrial undertakings during these 28 has increased by 47 °/0 whereas the number of concerns has increased by only 8% from which may be deduced that the average size of the concerns is now larger than formerly, a clear indication that here as elsewhere a progressive concentration is takjng place. Notwithstanding this the number of quite small concerns continues to be very large; in 1925 there were 41.642 or about half the total number, carried on exclusively by the proprietor alone, and in 35.722 concerns there were only from one to five workmen employed in each busines. The matter here concerns principally handicraft firms particularly in the building and con- nected trades. There are however amongst these small concerns many of a distinctly industria] character. Industrial development in Denmark commenced so late that the use of gas and electricity offered a greater advantage than steam in many branches, and, as a consequence of this, Danish industry in several and also in important fields has obtained a certain char­ acter of small scale operations. The small concerns by utilizing electricity and availing themselves of modern speciality macliines often permit of an equally large economic exploit- ation as large scale industry, and what is more there are essential advantages for instance in the more direct supervision of the manager and in the high standard of quality which the 4) The incrcase due to the incorporation of the Sleswig territory'in 1920 has not been included in these and the following figures. /