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P A R I S 1889

P A R I S 1878

OFFICIAL ACKNOWLEDGMENT:

Wherever Carlsberg beer has been on show it has received the highest honours ° The medal for progress Vienna 1875, Grand Prix, Paris 1878, Highest Awards Nice 1884, Antwerp 1885, New Orleans 1886 and Copenhagen 1888, also again the Grand Prix, Paris 1889. Overleaf are reproductions of three plaques show­ ing the front and reverse, viz: 1) J. C. Jacobsen plaque, executed by the sculp­ tor Schultz and struck in commemoration of the introduction of lager beer into Denmark in 1846. 2) N y Carlsberg plaque, executed by the sculp­ tor J. C. Chaplain and struck on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of Ny Carlsberg, 17 Feb., 1896. 3) Carl Jacobsen plaque, executed by the sculp­ tor G. Jensen and struck on the 70th birthday of Dr. phil. Carl Jacobsen, 2 March 1912.

PLAQUES:

4

5

B ird ’s-eye view of the Carlsberg- B rew eries.

Th e original a re a of th e Carlsberg B rew e rie s co­ v e re d ab o u t 27,000 sq u a re m e tr e s ° N ow it is ab o u t 220,000 s q u a re m e tr e s ° T h e coping stone o f the first b r ew e r y w a s p laced in po sition on 15 Augu st 1847 ° It w a s n am e d Carlsberg by J. C. Ja cob sen after his five-year old son □ T h e first b r ew w a s m a d e on 10 N o v em b e r 1847.

6

The H ead Office.

T h e h e ad office of th e Carlsbe rg B rew e rie s in conn e c tion w ith th e large bo ttling hall w a s e r e c t­ ed in 1903 in Renaissance sty le by P r o f e s s o r V. Klein ° T h e bu ilding cov e rs an a re a of m o r e th a n 8000 s q u a r e m e tr e s ° T h e p ic tu re s h ow s th e d ray s sta rting o u t in th e mo rn ing .

7

V estibule at the H ead Office.

T h e w a lls of th e ve stibu le a re o r n am e n te d w ith v iews of th e Scientific S o c ie ty ’s building, Frede^. riksborg Castle, th e G lyp to th ek and J e s u s Chu rch .

8

The Corridor at the H ead Office.

In th e c o rrid o rs are h u n g sev e ra l r e p r o d u c tio n s of buildings o r u nd e rtak ing s w ith w h ic h th e n am e of Ca rlsberg is associated, for in stanc e , an in te r io r from th e Royal collection of p la s te r casts, th e F re n c h Exh ib ition of Art build ing 1888, Gefion foun ta in at Langelin ie, th e Castle of L in - dos at Rhodos (archaeological excavation s for th e Ca rlsberg Fund), in te rio rs from F red e rik sbo rg Castle, Michael Angelo ’s David etc.

9

E ntran ce to Carlsberg-.

At the Carlsberg B rew e rie s special stre ss is laid on th e m o n um e n ta l ° Chara c te ristic in th is r e ­ s p e c t is th e e n tr a n c e to Carlsberg w ith th e sta te ly L igh t T ow e r ° »L a b o u r and frugality« is th e m o tto it b e a rs u n d e r th e m o n o g r am of th e f o u n ­ d e r o All ov e r Carlsberg th e eye m e e ts w ith e x h o rta tio n s to z e a lou s la b o u r and initiative. Ov e r th e tow e r itse lf can be seen th e Carlsberg tra d e mark .

10

The original Ny Carlsberg. Grain w areh o u se and m alt-house.

T h e original building, k n ow n as th e »Middle B rew - ery« is th e p a r t of th e b r ew e r ie s w h ic h c o n s ti­ tu te d T H E F IRST NY CARLSBERG, and w a s bu ilt in 1870 by J. C. Ja cob sen and Carl Ja cob sen to g e th e r ° Carl Ja cob sen r e n te d it an d m a d e th e first in d e p e n d e n t b r ew on 17 F e b r u a r y 1871 (Ny. C a rlsb e rg ’s r e d - le tte r day) ° In 1880 th e Middle B r ew e r y w e n t ove r to Gam le Ca rlsberg a T H E SECOND NY CARLSBERG w a s bu ilt by Carl Ja cob sen 1880— 1882 □ F o r m a n y y e a r s th e tw o great b r ew e r ie s w o r k e d in d e p e n d e n tly ° Since 1. O c tob e r 1906 th e y hav e been u n d e r one m a n a g e ­ m e n t.

11

Inside the b rew ery yard.

Malt is p ro d u c e d in th r e e m a lt- h o u s e s ° He re th e b a rley is c o n v e rte d into malt, a p ro c e ss wh ic h is com p le te d in ab o u t eight days ° Carlsberg be e r is kep t in 172 sto ring c e lla rs con ta in ing 300,000 h e c to litre s ° T h e s e ce lla rs cove r a su rface of ab o u t 20,000 sq u a re me tre s.

12

The entrance to N y Carlsberg.

Ny Carlsberg w a s bu ilt on th e Bakkegaard field and finished on 1 O c tob e r 1882 □ W ith som e sligh t exc ep tion s it w a s bu ilt o f iron and steel, in o r d e r to m in im iz e th e d ange r of fire ° T h e d r aw ing s w e r e m a d e by P ro fe s s o r V. D a h le r u p .

13

Dipylon, seen from the tow n.

»Dipylon« (the doub le gate) w a s bu ilt in 1892 a W i t h its tw o th o r o u g h f a r e s it ex tend s right acro ss Ny Carlsbergvej, and u n ite s th e b r ew e r y b u ild ­ ings upo n bo th sides of th e road ° An u n u s u a lly impo sing piece of deco ra tive a rch ite c tu re .

14

Dipylon, seen from Valby.

On th e side of »Dipylon« facing Valby th e r e are p laced n ine life-size figures in b u r n t glazed clay, am o n g th em being Carl Jacob sen , Mrs. Ottilie Ja cob sen and th e ir e ld e st de c eased son, Alf ° On th e wa ll b e n e a th can be seen a m a r b le t a b le t w ith »the golden wo rd s« (see page 3).

15

The Elephant Tow er.

Th e e le p h a n t tow e r is s u p p o r te d by fou r gigantic granite e le p h a n ts ° E r e c te d in 1901 from th e d raw ing s of H e r r D a h le r u p , Councillo r of S tate ° T h e tow e r c o n ta in s cooling ro om s for th e w o r t and a w a te r r e s e rv o ir ° At its s um m it th e tow e r b e a rs th e c ro ss c r am p o n e e (Swastika), C a rlsb e rg ’s w e ll- k n ow n tra d e m a r k ° T h e idea of th e e le ­ p h a n t tow e r is taken from th e e le p h a n t be a ring an obelisk in th e P ia z z a d i M in e r v a , Rome, th e sub ject of th e w in d in g la n te r n tow e r from a c h u r c h in Roumania.

16

T ow er at P asteursvej.

T h e tow e r at th e c o r n e r of P a ste u rsv e j is a piece of a r c h ite c tu re w h ic h by th e b e a u ty of its line s is a p le a s u r e to th e eye ° On its s um m it s ta n d s a naked y o u th w ith uplifted h and s.

17

The low er p art of the elephant tow er.

Above th e fou r e le p h a n ts su p p o r tin g th e tow e r is an in sc rip tion c a rved in ston e »L a b o r em u s p ro patria« (»let us w o r k for o u r coun try« ), Carl J a c o b ­ s e n ’s m o tto ° Be tw e en th e e le p h a n t tow e r and D ipy lon , se en in th e ba ckg round , lies th e large b rew in g hou se .

18

V estibule at the H ead Office.

O v e r th e doo r is in sc ribed »S em p e r ardens« (»eve r a rd en t« ) ° T h e impo sing r o om w a s bu ilt from d raw ing s by Hack K am pm a n n , th e rich d e c o ra tio n s of fauns, c en tau rs, an im a ls and p la n ts w e r e c a rved in c em e n t by H. C. P e te r s e n □ On th e m idd le w a ll hang s th e p ic tu re p r e s e n te d in 1892 to Carl Ja cob sen and his wife by G e rm an b rew e rs .

19

The large brew ing house.

T h e large b rew in g h o u s e w a s c om p le te d in 1901 o A F lo re n tin e palace w a s taken as a m od e l □ Carl Ja cob sen d r ew up th e p la n s and m a d e th e p r e ­ lim in a ry d raw ing s, and th e n th e w o r k w a s ta k e n ov e r by P r o f e s s o r V. Klein ° Above is th e T h o r g roup (see page 46).

20

Interior of the brew ing house I.

T h e b rew in g p la n t is c o n s tr u c te d on su ch p e r ­ fect line s th a t on ly a coup le of m e n a re r equ ired to look after it day and n igh t ° A con sid e rab le s u m of m o n e y is b r o u g h t into c ircu la tion th r o u g h C a rlsb e rg B rewe rie s, a n d in a v e ry high degree D e nm a r k re a p s th e benefit, as th e b r ew e r y , as far as po ssib le in any way , m ak e s u se of Dan ish p rodu c ts.

21

Interior of the brew ing house II.

T h e Carlsberg B rew e rie s b r ew th e follow ing b e e rs: CARLSBERG P IL SNER , k n ow n as »Hof Pilsner«

CARLSBERG LAGER BEER CARLSBERG V IENNA BEER CARLSBERG MUN ICH BEER CARLSBERG STOUT CARLSBERG EX PORT BEER

CARLSBERG L IGH T BEER (non-intoxicating) CARLSBERG DARK BEER (non-intoxicating) CARLSBERG PORTER (non-intoxicating)

22

The Bottling Hall.

T h e bottling hall h a s co st in p la n t and s u b s e ­ q u e n t im p r o v em e n ts a b o u t fou r m illion K ron e r ° It cove rs an a re a of ab o u t 8,000 s q u a re m e tr e s ° T h e bo ttling hall a lone is fou r and a h a lf tim e s as large as th e hall in th e Cop enh ag en T ow n Ha ll build ing ° It w a s e re c ted b e tw e e n 1902—03, th r e e y e a r s la te r it w a s ex tend ed so as to cover one and a h a lf tim e s as m u c h as it originally did ° T h e a r r a n g em e n ts for bottling a re n o t s u r ­ pa ssed by a n y bottling hall in th e w o r ld ° L a s t y e a r th e sale o f th e Carlsberg b e e rs am o u n te d to ab o u t 113 m illion bottles.

23

Carlsberg- Laboratory.

Ca rlsberg L a b o r a to r y w a s e stab lish ed in 1875 by J. C. Ja cob sen for th e p r om o tio n of science ° It is n ow an in d e p e n d e n t in stitu tion in tou ch w ith th e w h o le scientific w o r ld ° I n d e p e n d e n t of the Ca rlsberg L a b o r a to r y th e r e is th e special b r ew e r y labo ra to ry , w h ic h h a s to do exclu sively w ith th e w o rk ing of th e b r ew e r ie s a n d daily c o n tro ls th e w o r k an d th e p roduc ts.

24

Propagating apparatus.

T h e p u r e y e a st w h ic h is added to th e w o r t is b r o u g h t from th e a p p a r a tu s for th e p r o d u c tio n of sam e (p ropaga tion a p p a r a tu s ) □ T h e c lev e r d iscove ry of th e m e th o d of p ro d u c in g p u r e y e a st is due to Prof. Em il Chr. H a n s e n ° On 12 N o ­ v em b e r 1883 an a c tu a lly p u r e y e a st w a s u sed at Ca rlsbe rg for th e first tim e ° Th e m e th o d is n ow u n iv e r s a l ° One single cell w a s th e origin of th e y e a s t w h ic h is u sed to -d ay a t Carlsbe rg ° Th e »Yeast T emp le« illu s tra te d above h a s be en fitted up in on e of th e c e lla rs ° P a s te u r said: »The air in th e y e a st c e lla rs a t Carlsberg is j u s t as p u r e as t h a t s u r r o u n d in g th e s um m it o f th e Alps«.

25

One of the engine room s.

A s ta r t w a s m a d e at Ca rlsberg w ith a small th r e e H. P. s te am engine ° N ow p ow e r is u sed r e p r e ­ sen ting sev e ra l th o u s a n d H. P. a T h e ice m a c h in e s p ro d u c e a m a s s of cold c o rre s p o n d in g to a daily- c o n s um p tio n of 400,000 kilos of ice.

26

Carlsberg M ineral W a te r F actory.

Ca rlsberg m in e r a l w a te r facto ry p r o d u c e s th e follow ing :

CARLSBERG APOLL INAR IS CARLSBERG SODA WATER

CARLSBERG LEMON SODA WA T ER CARLSBERG SW E D I S H SODA WATER CARLSBERG RASPBERRY L EMONAD E CARLSBERG STRAWBERRY L EMONAD E T h e m a n u fa c tu rin g is, like th a t of th e beer, u n d e r scientific c o n tro l ° T h u s Carlsberg offers c o n s u ­ m e r s th e m o s t pe rfe c t g u a ra n te e in ev e ry re spect.

27

The visits of associations to the C arlsberg Brew eries.

E v e r y y e a r th e Ca rlsberg B rew e rie s a re visited by ab o u t o n e h u n d r e d a n d f i f t y th o u s a n d p e r ­ s o n s ° All th e a ssoc ia tion s an d in s titu tion s in th is c o u n tr y avail th em s e lv e s a ssiduou sly of th e Carlsberg ho sp ita lity ° S tra n g e rs from all p a rts o f th e w o r ld pay a visit in o r d e r to gain k n ow ­ ledge ° No p ro g re ss attained , no discovery m a d e in th e techn ical field m u s t be k ep t s e c re t o It is an old m o tto a t Carlsberg: to la b o u r n o t on ly in o n e ’s own in te re st, b u t in th a t of th e w h o le b r ew in g trade.

28

Carlsberg beers are exported.

Ca rlsberg b e e r h a s b e come a w o r ld p r o d u c t ° It is exp o rted on a large scale to th e ch ie f p la c e s in Au stralia, N o rth , Cen tral and S o u th America, Asia, Egypt, British a n d G e rm a n E a s t Africa, W e s t and S o u th Africa etc. ° E v e n E n g lis hm e n , w h o a re a c cu stom ed to qu ite a n o th e r k ind of beer, are e n thu sia stic in th e ir p ra ise s o f Carlsberg b e e r ° T h e lager b e e r is de signated in G re a t Britain as »the m o s t ex c e llen t t h a t h a s eve r be en p u t on th e Eng lish ma rke t« ° A special ste am e r leaves for E n g la n d ev e ry ten day s fully laden w ith Carlsberg b e e r ° The ex p o rt is ste ad ily in ­ creasing.

29

J. C. J a c o b sen ’s Villa.

E r e c te d in 1852 in Ita lian and P om p e ia n style from d raw ing s by J. C. Ja cob sen , gone th r o u g h by N. C. Neb e long ° According to J. C. J a c o b ­ s e n ’s te s tam e n ta r y d ispo sition s th e villa is to be occup ied for life by a m a n o r w om a n w h o ha s de se rv ed w e ll of th e c o u n tr y th r o u g h th e ir la ­ b o u r s in science, lite r a tu r e o r art, o r in any o th e r way , such p e rs o n to be elected u n a n im o u s ly on th e nom in a tio n of th e m a n a g em e n t of th e Carls- berg F u n d ° Th is b e q u e s t is n ow in force, th e re sidenc e h av ing be en p la c ed at th e dispo sal of th e p h ilo s o p h e r H a r a ld Hoffding of Copenhagen Un iversity .

30

The Doric Colum n Hall belonging to J. C. Ja c o b s e n ’s Villa.

W h e n J. C. Ja cob sen in 1876 bu ilt th e be au tifu l Do ric Co lumn Ha ll a t Ca rlsberg h e did n o t em ­ p loy any architect, b u t p la n n e d th e build ing h im ­ se lf d ow n to th e m o s t m in u te detail ° It has be en said of h im th a t »If h e h a d n o t be en th e g re a t b r ew e r h e was, he m ig h t have be en a great a r c h ite c t«.

31

The leafy walk.

Th e a p p o in tm e n ts of J. C. J a c o b s e n ’s Villa are at th e sam e tim e c om fo rtab le and s um p tu o u s ° Th e leafy w a lk o r »loggia« suggests a con tin u a tio n of th e Do ric Co lumn Ha ll in th e op en a ir— see th e foregoing p ictu re.

32

M emorial to J. C. Jacobsen.

J. C. Ja cob sen , th e f o u n d e r of Carlsberg, w a s b o rn on 2 Sept. 1811 ° In 1833 he a s s um e d th e m a ­ n a g em e n t o f his f a th e r ’s b r ew e r y (5 Brolsegger- strsede) ° In 1845 he suc c e ed ed in p r odu c ing a p e rfe c tly u n d e r - f e rm e n te d lager b e e r a In 1847 h e fo u n d e d Ca rlsberg □ W a s a m em b e r of t h e T ow n Council for fou rte e n y e a r s (1843— 57), M. P. (1854— 58), c re a te d m em b e r of th e L a n d s tin g (1861— 67), w a s m a d e Dr. phil. h. c. 1869, a n d C omm a n d e r of th e O r d e r of D a n n e b r o g F ir s t Class 1884 ° Died a t Rome, 30 April 1887.

33

Carl Ja c o b s e n ’s Villa.

On th e s p o t w h e r e th e old Bakkegaard w a s situ a ­ ted Carl Ja cob sen bu ilt h im s e lf a re sidenc e ° It w a s e re c ted from 1890— 93 by P r o f e s s o r Hack K am pm a n n , th e a rch ite c t ° Ov e r th e e n tr a n c e is th e in sc rip tion »Bien faire, laissez dire« (»do we ll, let o th e r s talk«) ° A special fe a tu re of th e re sid en c e is th e ch a ra c te ristic tow e r by th e e n ­ tr a n c e gate ° T h e villa to g e th e r w ith th e - b r ew e r y w e r e m a d e ov e r to th e Ca rlsberg F u n d in 1902.

34

The old Glyptothek.

T h e G lyp to th ek w a s s ta r te d a t Ca rlsberg by Carl Ja cob sen in 1882 ° It began w ith th ir ty Dan ish , tw o a n tiqu e and five F r e n c h p ieces of s ta tu a r y ° After five y e a rs it h ad b e com e one of th e m o s t im p o r ta n t co llection s of s c u lp tu r e in E u r o p e ° T h e p r e s e n t G lyp to thek , e re c ted 1892— 97 at Ve- s te r Bou lev a rd (a rch ite cts D a h le r u p , Councillo r of S tate and P ro f e s s o r Hack K am pm a n n ) con ta in s th e u n iq u e a r t tr e a s u r e s w h ic h Carl Ja cob sen h a s p r e s e n te d to his native land,

35

D irector’s house.

Among th e m a n y buildings w h ic h Ca rlsberg B re ­ w e rie s po sse ss m a y be m e n tio n e d th e villa illu ­ s tra te d above ° It w a s bu ilt from d raw ing s by H e r r C lemm e n se n , th e arch itect, and is in te n d e d as a re sid en c e for one of th e d ire c to rs of th e b rew e ry .

36

Carlsberg seen from the railw ay.

T h e above illu stra tion s h ow s th e p a r ts of th e Ca rlsberg B rew e rie s bu ilt in 1847, seen from th e railway.

37

A C arlsberg D epot.

T h r o u g h o u t th e c o u n tr y th e r e are ab o u t th r e e h u n d r e d Carlsbe rg depots, th r o u g h w h ic h th e b r ew e r ie s s u p p ly a b o u t ten th o u s a n d cu stom e rs, tr a d e sm e n , h o te ls and r e s ta u r a n t ke epers.

38

Carlsberg- D epot at Nakskov.

T h e b r ew e r ie s ’ refrigerating waggon s are taken ov e r a special line of rails to th e w a r e h o u s e o f th e depot, w h e n c e th e b e e r is s e n t o u t to th e cu s tom e rs .

39

M emorial to Ottilie Jacobsen.

T h e m em o r ia l to Ottilie Ja cob sen sta n d s a t th e e n tr a n c e to Carl J a c o b s e n ’s p riv a te residenc e ° T h e Gen iu s of S o r r ow in b ron z e le an s against th e w h ite m a r b le ped e sta l ° Above it is th e s ym ­ bol of m a te r n a l love, a pelican p lucking down from its ow n b r e a s t to make a n e st for th e young b ird s ° T h e d raw ing s w e r e m a d e by P ro f e s s o r Hack K am pm a n n , th e a rch ite c t, and th e F re n c h scu lp to r, P a u l Dubo is ch ise lled th e fema le figure.

40

i ronn T ng L aovise

M em ento of the Royal visit to Carlsberg 1 J u n e 1892.

D u ring th e lifetime of J. C. Ja cob sen King Christian IX h ad paid a visit to Ca rlsberg ° On th e occa­ sion of th e nex t visit p ra c tic a lly all th e Royal Fam ily w e r e p re s e n t, inc lud ing th e E m p e r o r A lex and e r III of Russia an d A lb e rt E dw a r d , P r in c e of W a l e s ° Th is e v e n t is imm o rta liz e d by T u x e n ’s w e ll- k n ow n p ic tu re ° T h e Carlsberg B rew e rie s ho ld th e Royal W a r r a n t s as p u r v e y o r s to th e Dan ish an d G reek Courts.

41

M emorial to P rofessor Emil Chr. H ansen.

P ro f e s s o r Em il Chr. H a n s e n , b o rn 3 May 1842, died 27 Augu st 1909 d iscov e re r of th e epo ch - mak ing m e th o d of p rodu c ing p u r e y e a st (see page 25) n P r o f e s s o r H a n s e n w a s a tta c h e d to th e Carls- berg L a b o r a to r y in 1878 □ He h ad p rev iou sly m an ag ed th e Ny Carlsberg B r ew e r y la b o r a to r y ° E v e r yw h e r e his n am e is received as th a t o f one of the g re a te st scientific p io n e e rs of th e age ° T h e m em o ria l w a s exe cu ted from a d raw in g by Carl B r umm e r , th e a rch itect.

42

M em orial to P ro fessor Joh. Kjeldahl.

P ro fe s s o r Joh . Kjeldahl, b o r n 16 Augu st 1849, died 8 J u ly 1900, w a s a tta c h e d to Carlsberg L a ­ b o r a to r y in 1875 o W h i l s t Prof. H a n s e n w a s th e m a n a g e r of th e physiological d e p a r tm e n t, Prof. Kjeldahl m a n a g e d th e ch em ic a l side ° H is n am e b e c am e sp ecially c e le b ra ted as th e d isco v e re r of a m e th o d for th e d e te rm in a tio n of n itrogen ° T h e m em o r ia l w a s exe cu ted from a d r aw in g by Carl B r umm e r .

43

The bell strikers.

T h e »Dipylon« is o r n am e n te d at its s um m it by a b ro n z e group, th e b e ll s tr ik e r s , execu ted by S te p h a n Sinding, th e scu lp to r.

44

The w inding stack.

Is fifty-six m e tr e s high ° I t is a p r o o f of w h a t D a n ish la b o u r can p ro d u c e ° By its artistic e le ­ gance it is c e rta in ly th e m o s t beau tifu l c h im n e y a n yw h e r e .

45

The Thor Group.

T h o r in com b a t w ith th e Jaetter (giants), a m o n u ­ m e n ta l b ro n z e g roup mod e lle d by Carl J. Bonne- sen, th e s c u lp to r and h am m e r e d in c o p p e r by Viggo H an sen , th e a r t sm ith ° Th is g roup o r n am e n ts th e roo f of th e big b r ew ing h o u s e (see page 30).

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Ca rlsbe rg B rew e rie s em p lo y a b o u t 1300 h a n d s ° A b ou t tw o m illion k r o n e r are y e a rly paid aw a y in wage s ° A n um b e r of good w o r k m e n ’s dw e ll­ ings w e r e e re c ted in 1888 w ith a po rtio n of th e Ny Ca rlsberg b e q u e s t to th e w o r km e n □ Th e c o r n e r build ing tow a r d s Ny Carlsbergvej is o r ­ n am e n te d w ith a b u s t of T h e o p h ilu s H a n s e n , th e bu ilder.

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2 >

The Scientific S ociety’s building.

T h e Scientific Society w h e r e th e Ca rlsberg F u n d ha s its h e ad q u a r te r s ° Th is fund w a s e stab lish ed in 1876 by J. C. Ja cob sen ° Since 1888 it h as ow n e d Gam le Carlsberg and since 1902 Ny Ca rlsberg ° Carlsberg L a b o r a to r y is k e p t up ou t of th e fu n d s of th e society ° It aids all b r a n c h e s of science ° It gives large s um s to F red e rik sbo rg Na tiona l H isto ry M u s e um ° And by m e a n s of th e Ny Carlsberg F u n d th e society s u p p o r ts a r t and ke ep s up th e G ly p to th ek ° Science in th e service of practical life an d th e profit acc ru ing from we ll- d ire c ted la b o u r to be u sed for th e s u p p o r t o f science — th is w a s J. C. J a c o b s e n ’s idea.

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