kraks vejviser 1939 handelsvejviser

12 many pigs and more than six times as much poultry as in the year of 1880. It may be reckoned t hat t he 90 % of the crops of grain, grass and turnips, serves as fodder for the livestock. The remaining 10 % covers the cultivation of sugar beet and the important export products, seeds and malting barley. At the same time the agriculture imports a very large quantity of feeding stuffs, fertilizers etc. to a valuc of about 280 million Kroner. The greater part of the products af agriculture undergo a finishing in­ dustrial process in dairies, slaughteries etc. prior to export. Since 1870 the value of the annual exports of industrialized agricultural products from Denmark has increased from about 12 million Kroner to more than 1150 million Kroner. The faet that the agricultural population during the whole of this periods has remained practically the same, bears witness to the great technical progress which has taken place. How important a part this country plays in the world market, as far as agri­ cultural products are ooncerned, will be seen from the following figures showing that Denmark witli a share of about one fourth, is the principal supplier of butter on the world market: 1937 Further Denmark provides the world market with more than one half of the total bacon supplies, and about 28 % of the total egg supplies. For purposes of comparison it may be stated that the export values of the most important Danish agricultural products in the years 1915 and 1957 were as follows: 1913 Mil). Kr. 1937 Mill. Kr Live animals (exeluding fisli) .................. 69 94 Bacon, mcat and other slaughterhouse- products ............................................. 185 405 Butter and cheese ..................................... 200 569 Eggs .......................................................... 55 150 Lard, condensed milk and otlier food- stuffs .................................................................................... 7 48 Seeds ........................................................ 4 11 The export of these products enables Denmark to procure the greater part of the numerous and very im­ portant raw materials and goods which the country cannot produce itself, sucli as coal, iron, Chemicals, wea- v:ing materials etc. It should not be overlooked that the export value of tlie agricultural products includes also essential parts emanating from Danish industry, for instance fodder cakes, fertilizers, machinery and imple- ments, electric liglit and power plant, packing etc. The industry is also responsible for the finishing processes at dairies, slaughteries, canneries, sugar refineries, breweries etc. Agriculture in Denmark is carried on by a large number of independent conéerns comprising about 2000 large estates, 90.000 farms and some 115.000 small holdings. The production and sale of the goods are mainly based upon co-operation, and the co-operative purchasing societies likewise play a prominent part in this respect. Connected with the agriculture there exists a large number of research institutions, laboratories, controlling bodies etc. Denmark ................................................ 24,9% New Zealand .......................................... 24,7% Australia ................................................. 13,5% Netherlands ................... '..................... 8,8% Sweden .................................................... 5,8% U. ,S. S. R................................................ 5,8% Eire .......................................................... 5,1% Otlier countries ....................................... 17,4%

undertaking scientific experiments for the improvement of the soil, new methods of cultivation, control of seed, investigation of plant discases, heredity research, milk yield etc. etc. and in addition there is also a large number of special technical schools. The Danish agricultural products — The national marks see page 15. Danish Industries. The vastly improved means of transportation in Den­ mark in conjunction with the pre-eminently advantageous geographic situation of the country, its extensive coast- line with many excellent ports facilitating imports of raw materials and exports of finished products, have highly favoured and accelerated the industrial develop- ment in Denmark during the last sixty years. A charact- eristic feature of Danish industry is its distinetly ameliorative nature necessitating the importation of considerable quantities of raw materials and semi-manu- facturcd goods from which are produced finished articles of high quality. The faet that it has been possible in Denmark to create a manufacturing industry producing goods which not only satisfy the critically minded Danish population but which also have gained recognition on tlie world markets by virtue of their excellent quality, may to a certain degree be attributed to the high cultural level of the Danes taken as a whole. Besides covering an essential part of the country’s requirements of industrial goods, the Danish industry has worked up a considerable export trade, the value of which in 1957 ainounted to about 595 million Kroner or some 25 % of tlie value of Denmark’s total exports. A significant part of the country’s jndustrial activities is based upon the industrial treatment of various agri­ cultural products. Under this category come the con- densed milk factories which annually turn out about 25 million kg. condensed milk, cream and milk powder, almost exelusively destined for export; the manufactures of preserved meat such as hams, tongues in tins, sausages etc., which owing to their high quality find a ready and considerable sale abroad. Further the world known Danish breweries, the products of which espeoially in the tropics, are appreciated for their excellence and keeping qualities. The Danish distilleries and yeast factories export yeast, aquavitæ, cherry brandy and otlier liqueurs of Danish make, in considerable quantities. In many important fields within the machine industry the co-operation between industry and agri­ culture has been of importance for both branches of trade. As instances of the degree of perfeetion attained in machinery and apparatus may be mentioned dairy and bacon factory (slaughlerhouse) machinery, refrigerat- ing plants and milk-cans, all of which are exported in considerable quantities. Moreover, Danish dairy prepar- ations, cheese rennet in particular, enjoy a high reputation both on the Danish and on foreign markets, and tlie Danish beechwood staves for casks are exported in very large quantities to other butter producing countries. The Diesel motor is doubtless one of the most import­ ant products of the Danish engineering industry. Danish industry took up this speciality at an early date and has, since contributed valuably and indeed in an epoch- making manner, not only as far as the technical per­ feetion of this modern motor type is concerned but also