Kraks vejviser 1927 Handelsregister

8 ting from Danish industry and which partly, at an early stage, have been a contributory fac­ tor as the raw materials of agriculture, such as for instanee fertilizers, fodder cakes, machi- nery and implements, electric lighting and power plant and also transport plant etc , and which in part arise from the finishing process carried out at dairies, slaughteries, conserves factories, sugar factories etc. Denmark’s agriculture is carried on by a large number of independent concerns comprising about 2000 large estates, 80.000 farms and some 110.000 small holdings. The production and sale of the produce are to a very great extent based upon a co-operative arrangement, and likewise the joint purchasing societies play a prominent part in this respect. In connexion with agriculture there are a large number of research institutions, laboratories, controlling bodies etc. undertaking scientific experimentsi for the improvement of the soil, the investigation of methods of cultivation, control of seed, diseases of plants, heredity, milk yielding etc. etc. and moreover there are also a large number of training institutions. In the year 1922 the Danish State founded the State experimental dairy (Statens Forsøgsmejeri) at Hillerod to the north of Copenhagen where foreigners may conveniently study Danish dairy production. The highest authority representing Danish agriculture is The Agricultural Council (Landbrugsraadet) (Address: Vestre Boulevard 4, Copenhagen V; Board of directors: P. P. Pinstrup, MF. R. DM.; Chr. Sonne, K. FM.; J Theilmann, R.), the primary object of which is to represent agriculture in all dealings with the Government and foreign countries and also with other Danish trades. The joint organization of the land economical co-operative companies is The Union of Danish Co-operative Societies' (I)e Samvirkende Danske Andels Selskaber) in which are represented central societies of bacon' factories, dairies, egg exporters, cattle and horse ex- porters, feedingstuff societies, manure supply societies etc. Address: Christiansgade 24, Aarhus; Chairman: And. Nielsen, R. DM. Danish Industries. In a preceding chapter the great growth of Danish industry during the last fifty years has been illustrated by means of statistics showing the occupation of the people. The sub- joined results of three censuses of industry and handicraft taken in Denmark indicate the nature of the development for at all events part of the period in question. Danish Industries and Handicrafts ’ 1897 1904 1914 Number ,of establishments........................ 77.256 85.242 82.494 The number of persons employed in industrial undertakings during these 17 years has increased by 30% whereas the number of concerns has increased by only 7% from which may be deduced that the average size of the concerns is now larger than formerly, a clear indication that here as elsewhere a progressive concentratidn islaking place. Notwithstanding this the number of quite small concerns continues to be very large; in 1914 there were over 42.000 or over half the total number, carried on exclusively by the proprietor alone, and in some 34.000 concerns there were only from one to five workmen employed in each business. The matter here concerns principally handicraft firms particularly in the building and con- nected trades. There are however amongst these small concerns many of a distinctly industrial character. Industrial development in Denmark coinmenced so late that the use of gas and electricity offered a greater advantage than steam in many branches, and, as a consequence of this, Danish industry in several and also in important fields has obtained a certain char­ acter of small scale operations. The small concerns by utilizing electricity and availing of modern speciality machines often permit of an equally large economic exploitation as large scale industry, arid what is more there are essential advantages for instanee in the more direct supervision of the manager and in the high standard of quality which the product *) A t the end of 1924 the number of undertakings with jnechanical power was 21 87(5. Total number of employees...................... 270.622 317.086 350.194 Number of workmen................................. 176.608 208.444 232.615 Works driven with mechanical power.. 3.856 6.735 15.579= Horse-power of machinery ..................... . 48,057 113 336 230.455