Kraks Vejviser 1938 Handelsregister

12 many pigs and more than six times as much poultry as in the year of 1880. It may be reckoned that the 90 % of the crops of grain, grass and turnips, serves as fodder for the livestock. The remaining 10 % covers the cultivation of sugar beet and the important export products, seeds and malting barley. At the same time the agriculture imports a very large quantity of feeding stuffs, fertilizers etc. to a value of about 220 million Kroner. The greater part of the products of agriculture undergo a finishing in­ dustrial process in dairies, slaughteries etc. prior to export. Since 1870 the value of the annual exports of industrialized agricultural products from Denmark has increased from about 12 million Kroner to more than 1000 million Kroner. The faet tliat the agricultural population during the whole of this periods has remained practically the same, bears witness to the great teclinical progress which has taken place. How important a part this country plays in the world market, as far as agri­ cultural products are concerned, will be seen from the following figures showing that Denmark with a share of about one fourth, is the principal supplier of Kutter on the world market: 1936 Denmark ...................................... 24,5 % New Zealand ................................ 23,8 % Australia ...................................... 14,1 % Netherlands ................................ 10,2 % Irish Free State ......................... 4,4 % U. S. S. R....................................... 5,4 % Sweden ......................................... 5,2 % Other countries ......................... 16,4 % Further Denmark provides the world market with more than one half of the total bacon supplies, and about 27 % of the total egg supplies. For purposes of comparison it may be stated that the export values of the most important Danisli agricultural products in the years 1913 and 1956 were as follows: 1913 1936 Mill. Kr. Miil. Kr Live animals (exeluding fish) ............... 69 79 Bacon, meat and other slaughterhouse- products ......................................... 185 579 Butter and cheese.................................... 200 555 Eggs ....................................................... 33 112 Lard, condensed milk and other food- stuffs .............................................. 7 39 Seeds ..................................................... 4 11 The export of tliese products enables Denmark to procure the greater part of the numerous and very im­ portant raw materials andi goods which the country cannot produce itself, such as coal, iron, Chemicals, wea- ving materials etc. It sliould not be oveidooked that the export value of the agricultural products includes also essential parts emanating from Danish industry, for instance fodder cakes, fertilizers, machinery and imple- ments, electric light and power plant, packing etc. The industry is also responsible for the finishing processes at dairies, slaughteries, canneries, sugar refineries, breweries etc. Agriculture in Denmark is carried on by a large number of independent concerns comprising about 2000’ large estates, 90.000 farms and some 115.000 small holdings. The production and sale of the goods are mainly based upon co-operation, and the co-operative purchasing societies likewise play a prominent part in this respect. Connected with the agriculture there exists a large number of research institutions, laboratories, controlling bodies etc.

undertaking scientific experiments for the improvement of the soil, new methods of cultivation, control of seed, investigation of plant diseases, heredity research, milk yield etc. etc. and in addition there is also a large number of special teclinical schools. The Danish agricultural products —The national marks see page 15. Danish Industries. The vastly improved means of transportation in Den­ mark in conjunction with the pre-eminently advantageous geographic situation of the country, its extensive coast- line with many excellent ports facilitating imports of raw materials and exports of finished products, have highly favoured and accelerated the industrial develop- ment in Denmark during the last sixty years. A charact- eristic feature of Danish industry is its distinetly ameliorative nature necessitating the importation of considerable quantities of raw materials and semi-manu- factured goods from which are produced finished articles of high quality. The faet that it has been possible in Denmark to create a manufacturing industry producing goods which not only satisfy the critically minded Danish population but which also have gained recognition on the world markets by virtue of their excellent quality, may to a certain degree be attributed to the high cultural level of the Danes taken as a whole. Resides oovering an essential part of the country’s requirements of industrial goods, the Danish industry has worked up a considerable export trade, the value of which in 1936 amounted to about 313 million Kroner or some 25 % of the value of Denmark’s total exports. A significant part of the country’s industrial activities is based upon ihe industrial treatment of various agri­ cultural products. Under this category come the con­ densed milk factories which annually turn out about 25 million kg. condensed milk, cream and milk powder, almost exelusively destined for export; the manufactures of preserved meat such as hams, tongues in tins, sausages etc., which owing to their high quality find a ready and considerable sale abroad. Further the world known Danish breweries, the products of which especially in the tropics, are appreciated for their excellence and keeping qualities. The Danish distilleries and yeast factories export yeast, aquavdtæ, cherry brandy and other liqueurs of Danish make, in considerable quantities. In many important fields within the machine industry the co-operation between industry and agri­ culture has been of importance for both branches of trade. As instances of the degree of perfeetion attained in machinery and apparatus may be mentioned dairy and bacon factory (slaughterhouse) machinery, refrigerat­ ing plants and milk-cans, all of which are exported in considerable quantities. Moreover, Danish dairy prepar- ations, cheese rennet in particular, enjoy a high reputation both on the Danish and on foreign markets, and the Danish beechwood staves for oasks are exported in very large quantities to other butter producing countries. One of Denmark’s most important exporting industries is the oil industry, which annually treats about 500.000 tops of raw materials such as copra, soya beans, whale oil, etc. These reach Denmark from the remotest regions of the earth and are converted into vegetable and animal oils, fats and fodder cakes. The value of these exports amounts annually to some 70 million Kroner.