Kraks Vejviser 1935 Handelsregister

9 dicrafts now support almost as large percentage as agri­ culture, viz. abt. 30 per cent. The development of the manufacturing Industries during tlie last 50 years has thus been a decisive factor in Danish economic life. In the inodern industrial organization of Denmark the centuries-old handicraft traditions have been fully pre- served and have imparted to Danish products an essence of quality and personal taste. It is a characteristic of Danish industry that it is decidedly an industry of refi­ nement, and it is in this very refinement — the cliemical and mechanical transformation of raw materials into finished goods of high quality — that the possibilities of creating an industry in countries without iron and coal are to be found. The development of modern means of transportation together with the faet that in proportion to her area Denmark has a very extensive coast line with many good ports has been of the utmost importance to Danish industry. In spite of the lack of raw materials, Denmark has thus been able to maintain an industrial production, the competitive power of which is insepar- ably connected with the quality of the goods produced. The country possesses a highly developed technical or­ ganization, including not only modern mechanical equip- ment but also a technical science and a body of scienti- fically trained industrial leaders and staffs, and, last but not least, highly skilied and efficient industrial workers. It is a well known faet that it is no easy matter to train people to industrial production of high quality; the man from the Street cannot be put into a factory, and in the course of a short time be trained to become an effi­ cient worker, if lic does not.possess what might be ter­ med “Industrial culture". In this respect farsighted work has been done in Denmark for many years. iBv the compulsory elementary schooling a good foun­ dation is laid for the general cultural development of the Danish workers, a foundation which is of great prac­ tical importance for the further training of the industrial specialists. Among the forms taken by this training is the systcmatic technical school attendance, which is compulsory for practically all of the apprentices em- ployed in industry. This perfeetion of the technical organization, and the skili and efficiency of the Danish industrial workers, have made it possible to develop and maintain a very considerable industrial production not only for the do- mestic consumption but also for export. As a consequence of the close connection between the development of industry and that of agriculture a very large part of the industrial establishments are occupied with tlie finishing of agricultural products, e. g. the pro­ duction of condenscd milk and cream and other tinned goods, casein, flour and meal, biseuits, sugar, coffee substitutes, beer, aleohol, etc. The high stage of development reached by the food­ stuff industries has given rise to a number of other in­ dustries for the manufacture of auxiliary appliances, etc., used for butter casks, tins, buekets, bags, packing cases, bottles, crown corks, twine, collapsible tubes, etc., and furthermore machinery, implements and auxiliary .ma­ terials in the service of agriculture itself, e. g. threshing machines, straw presses, ploughs, harrows, sowing ma- chines, beet lifters, milking machines, electric machinery for agricultural purposes, fertilizers and oil cakes. Fur­ ther, for use in the agricultural industry: dairy ma­ chinery, wind miils, refrigerating machinery, baking ovens, milk-and beer bottling machines, machinery and apparatus for distilleries, breweries, slaugliterhouses, etc., butter colouring, cheese rennet, etc. The large domestic

consumption of tliese products has given rise to a con­ siderable production which now forms the basis of a large export trade. On the basis of the raw materials apart from those of agriculture tliere has also grown up a large produc­ tion of cement and cement goods, porcelain and ceramics, moler, flint pebbles, etc. A considerable export of these goods is taking place. In connection with the other trades of the country such as shipping, fisheries, transportation, building and related industries, and as a consequence of the growth of the towns which invariably accompanies industrial development, other large industries have ariseu, e. g. oil pressing, shipbuilding, the manufacture of Diesel and other erude oil engines, electrical machinery and equip- ment, heating appliances (radiators, stoves and kitchen- ranges), electric cables and wiring, dry cells, insulating materials, motor cars, Diesel motor railway cars and locomotives, machinery and materials for road construc- tion, fishing boats and fishing nets; furthermore special products such as pharmaceutical specialities, printing inks, type metals, white metals, laundry machinery and steam kitchen installations. Vessels engined with Danish Diesel motors trade on all seas, and in all parts of the world Danish engineering firms are constructing ports, bridges, railways, cement factories, røfrigerating plants, dairies and slaugliterhouses. More closely connected with the domestic consumption are spinning and weaving milis, knitted goods, footwear and hat factories. Applied art in industry and handicrafts deserves spe­ cial mention, resting as it does on a happy combination of old handicraft traditions with modern technics and upon an intensive collaboration between artists and indu­ strialists. On that basis it has been possible to bring Danish applied art up to a very high stage, and Danish porcelain and ceramics, gold- and silver-work, pewter, furniture, lace, and glass, all hold a prominent position in the eyes of art lovers all over the world. As already mehtioned, Danish industry was earlier almost exelusively based upon supplying the require- ments of the home market. A great change has, however, taken place in recent years, and Danish industry has been able to turn out an inereasing surplus for exporta- tion. The trend of development will appear from the following figures: Denmark’s fisheries. Fishery is one of Denmark’s oldest industries and espe- cially in the early middle ages herring fishing in the Sound was of fundamental importance for the economic life ,of the country. Gradually, however, this trade feli off very considerably, and only in more recent times has progress again been made, thanks to the inereasing use of motordriven craft. In 1900 there were only 200 fishing craft meohanically driven, whereas at the present time there are over 6,000. This development has carried along with it a flourishing business in the building of marine-motor engines in Denmark, of which a consi­ derable export now takes place. The value of the annual catch of fish is about 35 mil­ lion Kroner. The fish exports in 1953 represented a value Total exports of home produce Mili. Kr. Indnstrial pro­ ducts proper Mili. Kr. Percen- tape 7,94 1900 ........ 281,9 9,45 1955 .... ........ 1162,8 219.0 19,00 22.4 60,2 1915